Chronic visceral pain
What this marker measures
Whether the patient reported one or more conditions characterised by visceral pain (internal pain from abdominal or pelvic organs).
Health categories/Interpretations informed by this marker
Gut-brain axis
● Visceral hypersensitivity: visceral pain conditions often involve visceral hypersensitivity.1–6
Interpreting the result
Tips for patients discussion
"Your questionnaire responses show you've been diagnosed with a condition that causes ongoing pain in your tummy or pelvic area. Conditions like these can make the nerves in the gut more sensitive, so gut symptoms may feel stronger. Knowing this helps us choose approaches that suit you."
Source references for all clinical associations, interpretation definitions, and patient management insights on this card.
1. Roberts, C. et al. Factors influencing rectal hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurogastroenterol Motil 35, e14515 (2023).
2. Issa, B. et al. Visceral hypersensitivity in endometriosis: a new target for treatment? Gut 61, 367–372 (2012).
3. Tu, F. F., Kane, J. N. & Hellman, K. M. Noninvasive experimental bladder pain assessment in painful bladder syndrome. BJOG 124, 283–291 (2017).
4. Jiang, Y.-H., Jhang, J.-F., Birder, L. A. & Kuo, H.-C. Sensory receptor, inflammatory, and apoptotic protein expression in the bladder urothelium of patients with different subtypes of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 24, 820 (2023).
5. Ness, T. J. et al. Psychophysical evidence of hypersensitivity in subjects with interstitial cystitis. J Urol 173, 1983–1987 (2005).
6. Cardaillac, C. et al. Evaluation of a scoring system for the detection of central sensitization among women with chronic pelvic pain. Am J Obstet Gynecol 229, 530.e1–530.e17 (2023).