Pathogen marker Guide

Clostridium difficile toxin B

bacteria

Description

C. difficile is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections, with toxin B central to its pathogenicity. Risk factors include antibiotic or proton pump inhibitor use, advanced age, immunosuppression, and inflammatory bowel disease.

If detected — guidance

Infections can cause severe gastroenteritis, requiring treatment for symptomatic patients. Positive faecal occult blood orsuspected haemorrhagic colitis warrants urgent investigation and specialist consultation.

If not detected

Indicates the pathogen has been tested and not detected in the sample.

If indeterminate

Discrepant test results cannot be resolved as positive or negative. If clinically indicated, repeat sample collection and further testing are recommended.

What are pathogen markers?

Pathogens are bacteria, viruses or protists that can cause infection and disease. Pathogens are tested using RT-PCR (real-time polymerase chain reaction) — a highly sensitive method for detecting specific regions of DNA that typically indicate the presence of the pathogen, species or genus reported. Results for each of the 18 Pathogen Markers are displayed on the marker card, along with insights for patient management.

Result interpretation

If not detected

The pathogen has been tested and not detected in the sample.

If indeterminate

Discrepant test results cannot be resolved as positive or negative. If clinically indicated, repeat sample collection and further testing is recommended.

If detected — guidance

The pathogen has been detected. Always interpret in the context of the patient's clinical presentation.