PATIENT PRESENTATION MARKER 

High stool frequency

What this marker measures

Whether the patient reported typically passing a bowel motion more than 3 times per day.

Health categories/Interpretations informed by this marker

Clinical features
‍● Lower GI symptoms: high stool frequency is a commonly-reported lower gastrointestinal symptom that can affect quality of life.
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Interpreting the result

PRESENT
Questionnaire responses indicate typically passing a bowel motion more than 3 times per day.
NOT PRESENT
Questionnaire responses do not indicate high stool frequency.

Patient management insights

DIETARY STRATEGIES
Add psyllium husk: psyllium husk may reduce stool frequency, improve stool consistency, and reduce urgency in chronic diarrhoea.1
GRADE D
SUPPLEMENTATION
Take peppermint oil: enteric-coated peppermint oil may improve abdominal pain, sensation of incomplete emptying, pain with evacuation, faecal urgency and help normalise stool frequency in patients with IBS.2–4
GRADE C

Take oral sodium butyrate:
oral sodium butyrate may improve bowel urgency, nausea, and vomiting and reduce high stool frequency in IBS.5
GRADE D

Tips for patients discussion

"Your questionnaire responses show that you're typically passing bowel motions more often than usual. This is common and can affect how you feel day to day. There are some options we can try, such as a fibre supplement like psyllium husk, and we'll start with the one that best suits your situation."

Source references for all clinical associations, interpretation definitions, and patient management insights on this card.

1. Qvitzau, S., Matzen, P. & Madsen, P. Treatment of chronic diarrhoea: loperamide versus ispaghula husk and calcium. Scand J Gastroenterol 23, 1237–1240 (1988).
2. Cappello, G. et al. Peppermint oil (Mintoil) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective double blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. Dig Liver Dis 39, 530–536 (2007).
3. Liu, J.-H. et al. Enteric-coated peppermint-oil capsules in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective, randomized trial. J Gastroenterol 32, 765–768 (1997).
4. Cash, B. D., Epstein, M. S. & Shah, S. M. A novel delivery system of peppermint oil is an effective therapy for irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. Dig Dis Sci 61, 560–571 (2016).
5. Lewandowski, K. et al. The effectiveness of microencapsulated sodium butyrate at reducing symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Prz Gastroenterol 17, 28–34 (2022).